Analysis of Produced Hydrocarbon Contracts

Document Type : ISI

Authors

1 Assistant Professor Energy and International Trade law Department, Law ‎Faculty, College of Farabi, University of Tehran

2 PhD Student in Oil and Gas Law, Law Faculty; College of Farabi ‎ University of Tehran‎

Abstract

Investors under concession regimes and some main upstream petroleum contracts including production sharing agreements, are entitled to produce hydrocarbons from fields which are subject of petroleum operation. With regard to the high amount of investment required for exploration and development of petroleum fields, investors consisting of more than one person, who carry out operations which result in contract between group of companies and the host country and also joint operating agreements among the members of investors which increase the operational complexity and legal issues. Regarding shares of each member and entitlement to produced hydrocarbon, the required provisions and petroleum management contracts shall be agreed upon to allocate and balance the produced petroleum. Although Iran Petroleum Contracts do not transfer the title of hydrocarbon to investor, NIOC may at its discretion, recover costs and pay fee in kind and under particular arrangement which require agreeing upon allocation and balancing mechanism.

Keywords

References

  1. منابع

    الف) فارسی

    1. شیروی، عبدالحسین (1378). «نقش قراردادهای استاندارد (نمونه) در تجارت بین‌المللی و مقایسۀ آن با قراردادهای الحاقی داخلی». مجلۀ مجتمع آموزش عالی قم، سال اول، شمارة 2، ص76-61. در:

    http://ensani.ir/file/download/article/20120329153321-5066-10.pdf  (20 فروردین 1400).

    1. شرایط عمومی، ساختار و الگوی قراردادهای بالادستی نفت و گاز، مصوب 16/05/1395.

    ب) خارجی

    3. American Association of Professional Landman, Exhibit E (1992). Model Contract on Gas Balancing Agreement.

    4. Association of International Petroleum Negotiators, Exhibit G (2014). Model Contract on Gas Balancing Agreement.

    5. Blanks, Edel F; McGuire, Robin D; Poitevent, Edward B (1992). “A Primer on Gas Balancing Agreement”. Loyola Law Review, Volume 37, Number 4, p831-838.

    At: https://www.ebv.com.ar/images/publcaciones/radehm9complimentary.pdf (Access 20 June 2021).

    6. Carvell, Robin (2016). Joint Operating Agreements. in Peter Roberts, Oil and Gas Contracts, Principles and Practice, Sweet & Maxwell.

    7. Jennings Anthony (2008). Oil and Gas Production Contracts. Sweet & Maxwell, Thomson Reuters.

    8. Jennings Anthony (2004). Oil and Gas Exploration Contracts. Sweet & Maxwell, Thomson Reuters.

    9. Martin A Timothy (2004). “Model Contracts: a Survey of the Global Petroleum Industry”. Journal of Energy and Natural Resources Law, Volume 22 ,p281-340.

       At: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02646811.2004.11433373 (Access 20 June 2021).

    10. Roberts, Peter (2013). Petroleum Contracts: English Law and Practice, Oxford University Press.

    11. Roberts, Peter (2019). A Dictionary of Oil and Gas Industry Terms, Oxford University Press.

    12. Schaible Brian (2004). AIPN and PESA Develop Model International Service Contracts, The American Oil & Gas Reporter.

    13. Sweeney, David H (2016). Oil and Gas Joint Operating Agreements: A Comparative World-wide Analysis. LexisNexis.

    14. Williams, Howard R; Charles J. Meyers (2018). Manual of Oil and Gas Terms: Annotated Manual of Legal. Engineering and Tax Words and Phrase.

Journal Of Researches Energy Law Studies
Volume 7, Issue 2
August 2022
Pages 273-294

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics