نقد اقدام متقابل (تحریم نفت) اتحادیة اروپا علیه ایران از منظر حقوق مسئولیت بین‌المللی دولت

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه حقوق عمومی دانشکدة حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق نفت و گاز دانشکدة حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

شورای اتحادیة اروپا در 23 ژانویة 2012، در راستای تشدید فشارهای بین‌المللی علیه جمهوری اسلامی ایران، تصمیم گرفت تحریم‌های اقتصادی بیشتری در بخش انرژی از جمله تحریم خرید نفت از ایران وضع کند.اتحادیة اروپا مبنای حقوقی اقدام خود را عدم پایبندی ایران به تعهدات هسته‌ای‌ خود و همچنین ارتباط بالقوه میان درآمدهای نفتی و فعالیت‌های هسته‌ای این کشور، بر اساس مقدمة قطعنامة 1929 شورای امنیت عنوان کرد و به مسئولیت ایران بر اساس طرح مسئولیت دولت‌ها مصوب 2001 کمیسیون حقوق بین‌الملل استناد کرد و خرید نفت از ایران را به‌مثابة یک اقدام متقابل تحریم کرد. اما آیا ایران نسبت به تعهدات هسته‌ای خود بر اساس معاهدة NPT ، نقض تعهدی انجام داده است؟ آیا اتحادیة اروپا و دول عضو آن شرایط مربوط به انجام اقدام متقابل علیه ایران را بر اساس طرح مسئولیت بین‌المللی دولت به طور قانونی رعایت کرده‌اند؟ در این پژوهش مشروعیت اقدام متقابل اتحادیة اروپا دربارة تحریم نفت ایران از طریق بررسی طرح مسئولیت بین‌المللی دولت تحلیل و بررسی و نتیجه گرفته شد که اتحادیة اروپا هیچ کدام از شرایط مربوط به اجرای اقدام متقابل مصرح در طرح مسئولیت بین‌المللی دولت را رعایت نکرده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Criticizing european union countermeasure (oil sanction) against Iran from the aspect of the law of international responsibility of state

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Momenirad 1
  • Nasser Khodaparast 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Public Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Tehran, Iran
2 Student of Oil and Gas Law, Faculty of Law and Science, University of Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The European Union council in 23 January of 2012, in direction to aggravate international pressures against Islamic Republic of Iran, decided to enact further economic restrictions against this country in energy section especially against importing oil from Iran to the state members of European Union. The reason of imposing sanction by EU against Iran is Iran’s non-compliance of NPT obligations and the potential connection between Iran’s revenues derived from its energy sector and the funding of Iran’s proliferation-sensitive nuclear activities due to the preamble of UN.S.C Resolution 1929. European Union referred to the responsibility of Iran according to 2001 international law commission Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts, and prohibited imports of oil from Iran as a Countermeasure. But has Iran breached its NPT obligations? Have the European Union and its member states observed the preconditions of countermeasures against Iran according to international law commission Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts? In this article, the legality of European Union Countermeasure against Iran is considered by analyzing the Draft articles on the International Responsibility of States, and it is found that the European Union has observed none of the preconditions of countermeasures against Iran according to international law commission Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • countermeasure
  • draft articles on the international responsibility of states
  • European Union
  • International Law
  • Iran
  • oil sanction
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اسناد و معاهدات
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وب سایت
 
26-http://www.teriboon.ir..1391/4/18.