رویکرد سازمان جهانی تجارت نسبت به انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای حقوق بینالملل اقتصادی دانشگاه لوزان

2 استادیار دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

انرژی در روابط تجاری بین‌المللی از اهمیت فزاینده‌ای برخوردار است، اما سازمان جهانی تجارت مشخصاً به این بخش نپرداخته است که این موضوع سبب بروز مشکلاتی در زمینۀ تنظیم مقررات مرتبط با تجارت کالا و خدمات در بخش انرژی شده است. علاوه بر این، افزایش تمایل کشورها به استفاده از انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر و به دلیل نگرانی‌های برخاسته از گرمایش زمین و آلودگی‌های زیست‌محیطی سبب شده است تا بحث اعمال مقررات سازمان جهانی تجارت بر این دسته از انرژی‌ها با چالش‌های جدی روبه‌رو شود. ایجاد تعادل بین قواعد موجود حاکم بر تجارت آزاد و مجازدانستن اقدامات کشورهای عضو سازمان جهانی تجارت درخصوص حمایت از توسعه و بهره‌برداری گسترده از انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر به‌ویژه پس از صدور آرای مرتبط از سوی رکن حل اختلاف بیانگر وظیفۀ عمدۀ سازمان جهانی تجارت برای حل این خلأ قانونی در آینده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Approach of World Trade Organization (WTO) Towards Renewable Energies

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Fateh 1
  • Iradj Hosseini Sadrabadi 2
1 PhD Candidate in Int’l Economic Law, University of Lausanne
2 Assistant Professor, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
چکیده [English]

Despite the importance of energy in the international trade relations, the World Trade Organization (WTO) has not explicitly dealt with this issue yet. This issue has resulted in quite a lot of difficulties on trade in services and trade in goods–related provisions. Besides, the increasing tendency of countries in using renewable energies due to the concerns arising out of global warming and environmental pollutions has led to profound challenges in regulating international trade rules concerning this type of energy. Hence, striking a balance between the existing free trade rules and authorizing the measures of the WTO Member States concerning the protection of extensive use of renewable energies, specifically within the framework of decisions taken by the WTO Dispute Settlement Body indicates the significant task of the WTO for solving this legal loophole in the future.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • World Trade Organization (WTO)
  • renewable energy
  • GATT
  • Free Trade
  • Natural Resources
  • Dispute Settlement Body
  • Energy
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