ابعاد حقوقی برچیدن واحدهای شناور تولید، فرآورش و ذخیره‌سازی نفت و گاز فراساحلی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه حقوق خصوصی دانشکدۀ حقوق دانشگاه تهران (پردیس فارابی)

2 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق نفت و گاز دانشکدۀ حقوق دانشگاه تهران (پردیس فارابی)

چکیده

برچیدن واحدهای شناور تولید، فرآورش و ذخیره‌سازی نفت و گاز به عنوان پدیده‌هایی اختلافی مطرح هستند و با توجه به ویژگی‌های فنی، از رژیم حقوقی صنعت دریایی و صنعت نفت و گاز تبعیت می‌کنند. رژیم حقوقی حاکم بر این واحدها، از حیث بین‌المللی و نظام‌های حقوقی کشورها، از موضوعات چالش‌برانگیز است؛ چه این واحدها براساس اهداف کنوانسیون‌ها و نظام‌های حقوقی کشورها، موضوع رژیم‌های حقوقی متفاوت قرار می‌گیرند. در برخی کشورها از رژیم حقوقی سازه‌ها و تأسیسات نفتی فراساحلی و در برخی دیگر از رژیم حقوقی کشتی تبعیت می‌کنند. امروزه با توجه به رویکرد متفاوت دولت‌ها و ابهام در وضعیت حقوقی این واحدها، و با توجه به نبود کنوانسیون و عرف بین‌المللی مربوط به آن‌ها، از یک‌سو و پیچیدگی رژیم حقوقی این واحدها، از سوی دیگر، ایجاد قواعد یکسان در حقوق کشورها و رویه و عرف بین‌المللی در زمانی نزدیک ممکن نیست و در نتیجه، در موقعیت کنونی قواعد حاکم بر برچیدن تأسیسات نفتی فراساحلی در برخی موارد، با در نظرگرفتن پیچیدگی‌ها و ویژگی‌های فنی، اهداف ساخت و نوع عملکرد بر این واحدها قابل اعمال است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

THE LEGAL DIMENSIONS OF OFFSHORE DECOMMISSIONING, FLOATING, PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND OFFLOADING OIL AND GAS UNITS

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Sardoueinasab 1
  • Asghar Kazemi 2
1 Associate Professor, Farabi College, Faculty of law, University of Tehran
2 PhD Oil and Gas Law, Faculty of Law, University of Tehran College of Farabi
چکیده [English]

Decommissioning floating production, processing, storage and offloading of oil and gas units as new phenomena and follow the technical rules related to the legal regime of the marine and oil and gas industries. The legal regime applicable to these units in International and domestic systems is a challenging one, because these units are subject to various local laws and international conventions that seek different objectives. In some countries, they are subject to the legal regime of marine structures, while in some others they follow the legal regime of ships. At present, considering the discrepancies in the approaches of States and the ambiguity of the legal status of these units on the one hand, and in the absence of a comprehensive international convention or international customs on the other, the unification of the rules relating to these units seems unlikely in the near future. Nevertheless, in the current situation it seems appropriate if one can apply the legal status of marine structures and installations to the floating production, processing, storage and offloading units with due regard to the technical complexity, objective of the instruction, and type of function.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Floating production and storage
  • Decommissioning
  • Marine Installation
  • ship
  • Binary Regime
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