نگاهی به زوایای حقوق بین‌الملل کیفری دربارۀ آلودگی نفتی ناشی از کشتی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه حقوق عمومی دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال

2 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق بین‌الملل دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال

چکیده

آلودگی­های نفتی معمولاً یا ناشی از سوانح دریایی است که برای نفت­کش­ها اتفاق می­افتد و یا به سکوها و تأسیسات نفتی بازمی­گردد. نظام حقوق بین­المللی حاکم بر آلودگی نفتی ناشی از کشتی­ها، بر مبنای معاهدات مربوط به پیشگیری، مداخله و جبران خسارت شکل گرفته است. اما همواره این پرسش مطرح است که آیا در کنار ملاحظات حقوقی، اتخاذ تدابیر کیفری نیز می­تواند اثربخش باشد؟ در این مقاله، امکان و ضرورت جرم­انگاری و در نظر گرفتن مسئولیت کیفری برای اشخاص حقیقی و حقوقی شاغل در صنعت حمل­ونقل دریایی و نیز محدودیت­های حاکم بر آن، با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی، بررسی شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

SHIP-SOURCE OIL POLLUTION FROM INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW POINT OF VIEW

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mostafa Taghizadeh Ansari 1
  • Faezeh Zavareh Tabatabaei 2
1 Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran
2 Ph.D. Candidate, Islamic Azad University , North Tehran
چکیده [English]

Marine oil pollution usually is caused either due to marine casualties that occur for oil tankers or related to oil offshore rigs and installations. The international legal regime regarding ship–source oil pollution formed on the basis of the conventions on prevention, intervention, and compensation. However, the question remains that in addition to the legal considerations, whether the adoption of criminal measures would be necessary? In this article, based on the descriptive-analytical method, it is endeavored to discuss the necessities of criminalization and adoption of criminal liability in oil pollution cases for individuals and legal entities who are active in marine transport industry.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Criminal Liability
  • Legal Entities
  • Marine oil Pollution
  • Ship-source Pollution
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- Documents
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