راهکارهای حقوقی- اقتصادی ‌ترویج استفاده از منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر در اتحادیة اروپا

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه حقوق بین الملل، دانشکدة حقوق، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه حقوق بین‌الملل، دانشکدة حقوق، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

پژوهش پیش‌رو مطالعه‌ای است دربارة برخی راهکارهای حقوقی-اقتصادی استفاده از انرژی حاصل از منابع تجدیدپذیر، هم‌چون نور و حرارت خورشید و باد که باعث استفاده متعادل از انرژی ناشی از سوخت­های فسیلی می­شود و هم‌چنین سبب کنترل تغییر اقلیم ناشی از فعالیت‌های اقتصادی با منشأ استفاده از انرژی سوخت‌های فسیلی می­گردد. به‌منظور دستیابی به هدف این پژوهش، برخی راهکارهای حقوقی-اقتصادی اتحادیة اروپا در زمینة استفاده از انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر در نظر گرفته شده است. برای گردآوری اطلاعات، از روش کتابخانه­ای بهره گرفته و روش تحقیق از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی است. اهمیت بررسی راهکارهای مدنظر این نظام حقوقی از آن‌ جهت است که اتحادیة اروپا ازجمله پیشتازان استفاده از انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر شمرده می‌شود. هم‌چنین، بنابر داده‌های منتشرشدة صندوق بین‌المللی پول در سال 2022، اتحادیة اروپا سومین قدرت اقتصادی جهان بوده و ازاین‌حیث نیز بررسی راهکارهای مدنظر آن اتحادیه دارای اهمیت است. اتحادیة اروپا، راهکارهای مختلف برای سرمایه‌گذاران، تولیدکنندگان و مصرف‌کنندگان را در دو بسته عمده تدوین و تصویب کرد. نخستین بسته با عنوان بستة 2020 اقلیم و انرژی و دومین بسته به‌ نام انرژی پاک برای همة اروپاییان، به‌ترتیب در سال‌های 2009 و 2019 تصویب گردیده و پژوهش کنونی بیشتر بر بستة اخیر متمرکز است. طبق بررسی‌های انجام‌شده، اتحادیة اروپا برای ترویج استفاده از انرژی­های تجدیدپذیر، راهکارهای متنوعی ازجمله تضمین قیمت بیشینه از بازار را پیش‌بینی کرده که موافق با حرکت بازار در بخش‌های مختلف اعم از برق، سرمایش، گرمایش و حمل‌ونقل است. ازاین‌رو، اتحادیة اروپا توانسته است با به‌کارگیری راهکارهای حقوقی کارآمد، نظر سرمایه­گذاران را در این حوزه جلب کند و تمرکز بر آموزه‌های این نظام حقوقی دربارة استفاده از انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر می‌تواند دستاوردهای چشمگیری برای دیگر نظام‌های حقوقی داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Legal-Economic Solutions to Promote the Use of Renewable Energy Sources in the European Union

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyyed Hossein Tabatabaei 1
  • Hossein Salmasi 2
1 Department In ‎International ‎Law, ‎Faculty of Law, Tarbiat ‎Modares ‎University, ‎Tehran, Iran‏.
2 Department In International Law, Faculty of Law, ‎Tarbiat Modares ‎University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The current research is a study regarding some legal-economic solutions for the use of energy from renewable sources such as light and heat from the sun and wind, which causes a balanced use of energy from fossil fuels and also the control of climate change caused by economic activities with the origin of use comes from fossil fuel energy. In order to achieve the goal of this research, some legal-economic solutions of the European Union (EU) in the field of using renewable energy have been considered. To collect information, the library method is used, and the research method is descriptive-analytical. The importance of examining the solutions considered by this legal system is because the European Union is one of the pioneers in the use of renewable energy. According to the data published by the International Monetary Fund in 2022, the EU is the third-largest economic power in the world, and in this sense, it is important to examine the solutions considered by the European Union as well. The European Union formulated and adopted different solutions for investors, producers and consumers in two major packages. The first package, entitled 2020 Climate and Energy Package, and the second, called Clean Energy for all Europeans, were adopted in 2009 and 2019, respectively. The current research is more focused on the latter package. According to the studies, the European Union has provided various solutions to promote the use of renewable energy, including Feed-in Premium, which is in line with the market movement in diverse sectors, including electricity, cooling and heating, and transportation. Therefore, the European Union has been able to attract the opinion of investors in this field by using efficient legal solutions, and focusing on the teachings of this legal system in the aforesaid field could have significant results for other legal systems.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Renewable energy
  • Clean energy
  • EU legal system
  • Legal-economic solutions
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